Keeping Quiet by Pablo Neruda, Interpretation & Analysis, Questions & Answers


POEM: 3

Keeping Quiet                                                                          Pablo Neruda


INTERPRETATION & ANALYSIS

In this poem the poet talks about the necessity of quiet introspection and creating a feeling of mutual understanding among human beings.The poet asks us to count to twelve to prepare us for the moment of silence and introspection. He appeals that for once we shouldn’t talk in any language because this talking is the root of all the maladies. For a while we should let the silence be the language of communion. We should have a pause from our busy life and avoid all quarrels and fights. If all start meditating and introspecting, that would be an excitingly strange moment as there won’t be any uproar, hurry and chaos, and people would have a feeling of solidarity.

In the fourth stanza, the poet uses the images of fishermen and salt-gatherer. He says that after introspection there would dawn an understanding upon fishermen that how their activities are harming nature and they would stop doing such things. And the man gathering salt will understand that his greed is hurting himself. These images suggest that today’s man, both knowingly and unknowingly is harming nature but he is indifferent and unsympathetic to the fellow beings and not only this, his activities are hurting himself and he doesn’t realize. His greed makes him close his eyes to the consequences.

The act of introspection and meditation make us realize futility of war; that wars lead on to wars only; it leaves only wails and cries in its wake; there can be victory but no joy or no survivor to enjoy it. This realization will make them understand the importance of peace and harmony. People would avoid war and feeling of fraternity would prevail.But the poet does not want us to confuse his idea of meditation and introspection with that of total inactivity. He doesn’t want us to be indolent rather he says life should be lively and meaningful. We should not be like death in life, a burden on earth rather we should make it useful. According to Neruda, we are selfish people and we think of only our advancement and    progress even at the cost of others. But coming out of the cell of self if we give a thought to ourselves, we’ll understand the reason of sadness in our lives and once we understand the reason, we won’t fear even death.

We can learn a lot from the earth. It seems to be still but still it moves on; life and death, creation and destruction everything goes on and the earth doesn’t stop for anything. Through the example of the earth, the poet wants to say that there can be activity even in stillness. We can be creatively and innovatively engaged, and like earth we should not stop for anything. There may be joys and sorrows but we should keep on moving.

Preparing us for the unique moment of silence and introspection, the poet leaves us in the quietness so that we can better understand and know ourselves.


GLOSSARY
Truck                           -           Association, Deal
Exotic                          -           Unusual, Excitingly strange

            Now we will count up to twelve
            And we will all keep still.

1.         Why does the poet use number twelve?
Ans:    The poet uses number twelve because there are twelve numbers on the dial of a watch; there are twelve months in a year; we divide a day in two twelves and there are twelve zodiac signs.

2.         What does counting to twelve signify?
Ans:    Counting to twelve signifies a preparatory exercise for the act of quiet introspection.

3.         Why will all keep still?
Ans:    All will keep still in order to mediatate.

            For once on the face of this earth
            Let’s not speak in any language,
            Let’s stop for once second,
            And not move our arms so much.

1.         Why should people not speak in any language?
Ans:    People should not speak in any language because one doesn’t need any language to talk to oneself. Moreover, speaking in any language will only hinder the process of meditation.

2.         Why does the poet ask us to stop for one second?
Ans:    The poet asks us to stop for one second because this rushing and running cannot take us anywhere. We need to spare some time for ourselves.

3.         What does the poet suggest in the last line?
Ans:    According to the poet we should avoid the rush and run for material possessions and should not fight with anybody. Moreover, we should have some time for ourselves as well.

            It would be an exotic moment
            Without rush, without engines,
            We would all be together
            In a sudden strangeness.

1.         What would be an exotic moment?
Ans:    When all would be silent and introspecting without any rush and noise, that would be an exotic moment.

2.         Why would there be a sudden strangeness?
Ans:    There would be a sudden strangeness because all would be together, meditating silently which generally doesn’t happen.

3.         What are engines symbolic of?
Ans:    Engines are symbolic of continuous movement and noise.

            Fishermen in the cold sea
            Would not harm whales
            And the man gathering salt
            Would look at his hurt hands.

1.         Why would fishermen not harm whales?
Ans:    The fishermen would not harm whales because after introspection they would understand that there activities are harming the nature.

2.         Why would the salt-gatherer look at his hurt hands?
Ans:    The salt-gatherer would look at his hurt hands because in the moments of introspection he would realize that his activities are harming himself.

3.         What does the poet mean by ‘cold sea’?
Ans:    Cold sea here refers to the indifferent world. According to the poet, we are living in an indifferent world where people have no sympathy and empathy for others.

            Those who prepare green wars,
            Wars with gas, wars with fire,
            Victory with no survivors,
            Would put on clean clothes

1.         What is ‘green wars’?
Ans:    “Green wars” means deforestation, green house effect, ozone layer depletion i.e. harming nature in various ways.

2.         Why will there be no survivors?
Ans:    There will be no survivors because war leads on to wars and leave in its wake only deaths and injuries.

3.         Who will put on clean clothes and why?
Ans:    Those who indulge in wars will put on clean clothes because after introspection, they will understand that war is futile and peace must reign supreme.

            What I want should not be
            Confused with total inactivity.
            Life is what it is about.

1.         What does the poet want?
Ans:    The poet wants us to spare some time for quiet introspection.

2.         What does the poet mean by total inactivity?
Ans:    By total inactivity poet means doing nothing and remaining totally unproductive.

3.         What is life about?
Ans:    Life is all about liveliness, being productive and making it meaningful.

            If we were not so single-minded
            About keeping our lives moving
            And for once could do nothing.

1.         What kind of people are we?
Ans:    We are single-minded i.e. narrow-minded people.

2.         What do we think of?
Ans:    We, being narrow-minded think only of our progress and improvement, not about others.

3.         What does the poet want us to do?
Ans:    The poet wants us to avoid all our activities for some time and introspect.

            Perhaps a huge silence might
            Interrupt this sadness of never
            Understanding ourselves and of
            Threatening ourselves with death.

1.         What can the silence do?
Ans:    The silence can take us out of our sadness.

2.         Why is there sadness in our lives?
Ans:    There is sadness in our lives because we don’t understand ourselves.

3.         Why should people not be afraid of death?
Ans:    People should not be afraid of death because it is a universal truth and cannot be avoided. It is a truth to be accepted that one who has come, has to go one day.

            Perhaps the earth can teach us
            As when everything seems dead
            And later proves to be alive.

1.         What can earth teach us?
Ans:    The earth can teach us that there can be activity even in stillness and we should never stop moving whatever comes in our life.

2.         How does everything seem dead?
Ans:    On this earth some or the other thing goes on all the time. Sometimes it is dark or sometimes there is destruction which makes us feel everything seem dead.

3.         How do the things prove to be alive?
Ans:    The earth reveals itself in mysterious ways if at one time there is death, the other moment there is birth; darkness is followed by light and destruction is followed by creation.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1.         Why does the poet count only up to twelve? What does this mean?
Ans:    The poet uses the number twelve as there are twelve numbers on the dial of a watch; we divide the time of a day in two twelves and there are twelve months in a year. Here, counting has been used as a preparatory exercise for the ultimate moment of silence and introspection.
2.         Why does the poet want us not to speak in any language?
Ans:    The poet wants us not to speak in any language because this talking is the root of all the maladies. People often talk uselessly which leads to disputes and quarrels so it is better to be quiet for some time and use the silence as a language of communion to talk to ourselves.
3.         Explain “not move our arms so much”.
Ans:    The poet wants us not to engage ourselves in any quarrels or fights. Moreover, today’s people are involved in the rat race of awards, rewards, prestige, promotion, money etc. He wants us to avoid this rush and run, and be quiet and thinking for a while.
4.         What would be the exotic moment?
Ans:    When people would understand the importance of quiet introspection, there would be no rush and chaos, and most importantly there would be a feeling of togetherness. This situation has been termed as an exotic moment by the poet.

5.         “Fishermen in the cold sea” What does the poet mean by ‘cold sea’?
Ans:    The word ‘cold sea’ here symbolizes the indifferent world. The fishermen are indifferent to the plight of fish. They don’t care about the harm they are causing, rather they go on killing the fish out of their greed to earn more money. Today, we, human beings have lost all fellow feeling and become numb to other’s sufferings and sorrows.

6.         Why would the man gathering salt look at his hurt hands?
Ans:    In the moment of silence and quiet self-analysis, the salt-gatherer will understand the futility of his greed and think about himself which will make him realize how he is hurting himself. Today’s people don’t have time to think about themselves. A brief pause from the daily haste can give them a chance to take protective and preventive steps for themselves.

7.         What does the poet mean by ‘green wars’?
Ans:    Green wars here mean the war resulting from the environmental concerns and problems. People are cutting trees; desertification is increasing; there is global warming and         environmental pollution. All these problems will ultimately result into armed conflicts.

8.         “Life is what it is about.” Explain.
Ans:    The poet here means to say that life should be full of liveliness. There should be some purpose and meaning to life instead of spending it uselessly in trifle activities or being idle.

 9.         Why does the poet want no truck with death?
Ans:    The poet wants no association with death. Living like a dead is no life at all. Inactivity and rush should be avoided and we should try to engage ourselves in something creative.

10.       Why, according to the poet, there is sadness in our lives?
Ans:    There is sadness in our lives because we don’t understand ourselves and we are afraid ofdeath. If once we come out of the cell of self and introspect, we’ll understand that sadness is a part of life and death is a universal truth, and one must accept these facts with equanimity.

11.       What will counting up to twelve and keeping quiet help us achieve?
Ans:    Counting up to twelve and keeping quiet will help us achieve a state of self-analysis and self-understanding which will remove all sadness and fear from our lives and will teach us to value life, peace and harmony.
         
PREVIOUS YEARS' QUESTIONS
(2016)         Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:            [4 Marks]
                   Now we will count to twelve
                   And we will all keep still
                   For once on the face of the Earth
                   let's not speak in any language.
                   let's stop for one second.
                   and not move our arms so much.
(a)               What is the significance of the number twelve?
(b)               Which two activities does the poet want us to stop?
(c)               What does the poet mean by let’s not speak in any language?
(d)              Describe the pun on the word ‘arm’.
(2015) –      'Life is what it is all about; ....' How is keeping quiet related to life?
                  Why does one feel' a sudden strangeness' on counting to twelve and keeping quiet?
                  How will 'keeping quiet' protect our environment?                                             [3 Marks]

(2014)    What is the sadness the poet refers to in the poem 'Keeping Quiet' ?                       [2 marks]

(2013)    What are the different kinds of wars mentioned in the poem? What is Neruda's attitude towards these wars?                                                                                                   [2 Marks]

(2012)    Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:                 [4 Marks]
                   For once on the face of the Earth
                   let's not speak in any language.
                   let's stop for one second.
                   and not move our arms so much.

              (a) Why does the poet want us to keep quiet?
              (b) What does he want us to do for one second?
              (c) What does he mean by 'not move our arms' ?

(2011)   Do you think the poet, Pablo Neruda advocates total inactivity and death? Why/Why   not?                                                                                                                                        [2 Marks]

(2010)   According to the poet, what is it that human beings can learn from Nature?            [2 Marks]
(2009)    Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:                        [4 Marks]
                   Now we will count to twelve
                   and we will all keep still.
                   For once on the face of the Earth
                   let's not speak in any language,
                   let's stop for one second.
                   and not move our arms so much.

              (a) How long does the poet want to stay still ?
              (b) What does he hope to achieve by keeping quiet?
              (c) What does the poet mean by 'not move our arms so much’?

(2008)    Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:                 [4 Marks]
                   Perhaps the Earth can teach us
                   as when everything seems dead
                   and later proves to be alive.
                   Now I'1l count up to twelve
                   and you keep quiet and I will go.

              (a) What does the earth teach us ?
              (b) Why does the poet count up to twelve?
              (c) What will keeping quiet help us achieve?

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